Artificial candle with moveable projection screen position

ABSTRACT

A flameless candle includes: a candle body forming an interior region, wherein the candle body includes an upper surface and an aperture in the upper surface; a light source positioned in the interior region of the candle body; a force-inducing portion configured to alternatively induce a first mechanical force and a second mechanical force; and a projection screen. The projection screen is configured to receive the first mechanical force and responsively move to a first position and receive the second mechanical force and responsively move to a second position. When the projection screen is moved to the second position, the light source is automatically energized such that a light is emitted onto the projection screen. When the projection screen is moved to the first position, the light source is automatically de-energized such that the light is not emitted.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/741,939 filed on Jan. 14, 2000, which is a continuation of U.S.patent application Ser. No. 16/460,761 filed on Jul. 2, 2019, and issuedas U.S. Pat. No. 10,782,264 on Mar. 3, 2020, which is a continuation ofU.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/123,351 filed on Sep. 6, 2018, andissued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,352,517 on Jul. 16, 2019, which claims thebenefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/555,154 filed onSep. 7, 2018, the entireties of which are herein incorporated byreference.

BACKGROUND

Generally, this application relates to artificial (flameless) candlesthat use a non-flammable light source (such as one or morelight-emitting diodes (LEDs)) to create the illusion of a flamed candle.

SUMMARY

According to certain inventive techniques, a flameless candle includes:a candle body forming an interior region, wherein the candle bodyincludes an upper surface and an aperture in the upper surface; at leastone light source positioned in the interior region of the candle body; aforce-inducing portion (e.g., an electrical motor or an electromagnet)configured to alternatively induce a first mechanical force and a secondmechanical force; and a projection screen (e.g., one that includes aflame shape). The projection screen is configured to receive the firstmechanical force and responsively move to a first position with respectto the upper surface of the candle body and receive the secondmechanical force and responsively move to a second position with respectto the upper surface of the candle body. When the projection screen ismoved to the second position, the at least one light source isautomatically energized such that a light is emitted onto the projectionscreen. When the projection screen is moved to the first position, theat least one light source is automatically de-energized such that thelight is not emitted.

According to one technique, a base of the candle is resting on asubstantially horizontal surface: when the projection screen is in thefirst position, the projection screen has a substantially horizontalorientation; and when the projection screen is in the second position,the projection screen has a substantially vertical orientation andextends upwardly from the upper surface of the candle body.

According to another technique, when a base of the candle is resting ona substantially horizontal surface, the projection screen is in asubstantially vertical orientation when it is in both the first positionand the second position. When the projection screen is in the firstposition, the projection screen may be within the interior region of thecandle body.

According to one technique, the first mechanical force and the secondmechanical force may be rotational forces provided to the projectionscreen such that the projection screen moves between the first positionand the second position.

The candle may include an imitation wick extending upwardly from theupper surface of the candle body. The candle may include an ON/OFFactuator that, when actuated, causes the projection screen to transitionbetween the first position and the second position. The candle mayinclude a timer (e.g., a 24-hour timer) configured to periodically causethe projection screen to transition between the first position and thesecond position.

The candle may include a sensor to detect whether the projection screenis in the first position, wherein when the sensor detects that theprojection screen is in the first position, the at least one lightsource is turned OFF. The candle may include a sensor to detect whetherthe projection screen is in the second position, wherein when the sensordetects that the projection screen is in the second position, the atleast one light source is turned ON. A moveable lens may be interposedbetween the at least one light source and the projection screen.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates a top perspective view of a flameless candle,according to certain inventive techniques.

FIG. 2 illustrates a bottom plan view of a flameless candle, accordingto certain inventive techniques.

FIG. 3 illustrates a cross-sectional side view of a flameless candle,according to certain inventive techniques.

FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate a moving lens altering a beam of lightprojected onto a projection screen, according to certain inventivetechniques.

FIG. 5A illustrates a projection screen of a flameless candle in anilluminated state, according to certain inventive techniques.

FIG. 5B illustrates a projection screen of a flameless candle in anextinguished state, according to certain inventive techniques.

FIGS. 6-11 illustrate different flameless candle designs, according tocertain inventive techniques.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram of electrical components in a flamelesscandle, according to certain inventive techniques.

The foregoing summary, as well as the following detailed description ofcertain techniques of the present application, will be better understoodwhen read in conjunction with the appended drawings. For the purposes ofillustration, certain techniques are shown in the drawings. It should beunderstood, however, that the claims are not limited to the arrangementsand instrumentality shown in the attached drawings. Furthermore, theappearance shown in the drawings is one of many ornamental appearancesthat can be employed to achieve the stated functions of the system.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

As disclosed herein, an inventive flameless candle is disclosed. Thecandle can be turned OFF and ON and/or transitioned between anilluminated state and extinguished state. When in the illuminated state,the projection screen may be positioned in a vertical position andplainly visible. At least one light source may project onto theprojection screen, thereby creating the illusion of a candle with a litflame. When the candle is placed in the extinguished state, the flamescreen is repositioned such that it is not visible or is less visible.The light source may also be turned OFF. An artificial wick may remainvisible, even when the candle is in the extinguished state, therebymaintaining the illusion of a conventional, extinguished candle.

FIGS. 1-5B illustrate different views of a flameless candle 100,according to certain inventive techniques. The flameless candle 100includes a candle body 110 and a projection screen 120. The candle body110 may have a base 112, an upper surface 116, and a sidewall 114extending between the base 112 and the upper surface 116. The candlebody 110 may form a hollow interior region. The candle 100 may resemblea pillar candle (as shown), a taper candle, a votive, a tea light, otherdecorative candles, or the like. The candle body 110 may be translucentor include translucent regions. The translucence may be chosen so as togive the candle 100 the appearance of a conventional candle.Specifically, when light from a light source (e.g., one or morelight-emitting components, such as LEDs) within the candle body 110emanates through the sidewall 114 it may appear diffuse and have thecharacter of light from a conventional candle. The candle body 110 maybe formed of wax or plastic or other suitable material. When the candlebody 110 is not formed of wax, it may include a waxen surface (forexample, dipped in wax) to give the feel and translucent quality of realwax.

The upper surface 116 may include a concave recess (when viewed fromabove) to give the candle body 110 the appearance that the candle 100has been used and some wax has been consumed by flame. The upper surface116 may include an aperture 118. The aperture 118 may be locatedsubstantially along a primary axis in a vertical dimension of the candlebody 110. The aperture 118 may allow light to pass from within thehollow interior region of the candle body 110 onto the projectionscreen.

The upper surface 116 may have a variety of different shapes. Forexample, the upper surface 116 may be shaped like a bowl or a portion ofa bowl. Optionally, the upper surface 116 may include a flat bottomsurface. The upper region of the sidewall 114 may have a varying heightaround the top perimeter of the candle 100. The upper surface 116 mayform a backdrop whereby the rim of the sidewall 114 is higher in theback of the candle body 110 than it is in the front.

The projection screen 120 may be adjacent to, proximate to, and/orextend upwardly from (or through) the aperture 118 in the upper surface116. The projection screen 120 may be offset with respect to orpositioned off of a primary axis along a vertical dimension at which theaperture 118 is located.

The projection screen 120 may be made of plastic, wax, metal, or othersuitable material. The projection screen 120 may be used with externallight sources or for internally projected light—i.e., external andinternal to the projection screen 120. For example, the projectionscreen 120 could have one or more light sources projecting light frombelow, thereby resulting in internally projected light. A light pipe maybe employed to transfer the light from the light source to theprojection screen 120 (either internally or externally to the projectionscreen 120). The projection screen 120 itself, or a portion thereof, mayinclude a light pipe.

The projection screen 120 may include a flame shape. The projectionscreen 120 outer surface may have two faces, or three or more faces. Theprojection screen 120 may be round, spherical, cylindrical, egg shape orelliptical. When viewed from the front, the outer surface of theprojection screen 120 may be convex, concave, flat, or irregular (forexample, a mix of convex, concave, spherical, cylindrical, egg shapeand/or flat regions). The projection screen 120 may include a portion orregion that imitates a wick. Such a portion or region may be a paintedregion, a recessed region, or an aperture (i.e., a hole through theflame screen). The candle 100 may also include an artificial orimitation wick 101. The imitation wick 101 may extend upwardly from theupper surface 116 of the candle 100. The imitation wick 101 may alwaysextend upwardly from the upper surface 116 of the candle 100, even whenthe candle 100 is turned OFF or placed in the extinguished state. Thisway, the candle 100 may maintain the illusion of a conventional candle,even when the light source 150 of the candle 100 are not generating oremitting any light. The projection screen 120 may include an aperturethat is larger than an artificial wick 101, such that when theprojection screen 120 is readily apparent, it substantially surroundsthe artificial wick 101, thereby enhancing the illusion of aconventional wick that is burning.

The projection screen 120 may have a flame shape as depicted. Theprojection screen 120 may have two outer surfaces (front and back, asdepicted), or three or more outer surfaces. When viewed from the front,the front outer surface may be convex, concave, flat, or irregular (forexample, a mix of convex, concave, and/or flat regions). The projectionscreen 120 may include a portion or region that imitates a wick. Such aportion or region may be a painted region, a recessed region, or anaperture (i.e., a hole through the projection screen 120).

The projection screen 120 may be textured, smooth, opaque, and/ortranslucent. According to one technique, the translucency of theprojection screen 120 is selected such that an illusion of a flameappears on both the front and rear outer surfaces. The projection screen120 may have different translucencies and/or textures on the front andback of the exterior surfaces of the projection screen 120. Also,different regions on the same surfaces may have differenttranslucencies, textures, and/or thicknesses.

When the candle 100 is turned ON or is placed in an illuminated state(for example, as depicted in FIG. 5A), the projection screen 120 may bepositioned in a substantially vertical orientation from a horizontalplane (e.g., normal, unslanted resting surface for the candle). Thecandle 100 may be placed in an illuminated state when the projectionscreen 120 is moved (i.e., has been moved, is still moving, or willimmediately be moved as a result of the candle being turned ON or beingplaced into an illuminated state) into a substantially vertical positionin reference to the upper surface. In the illuminated state, the angleof the projection screen 120 in reference to a horizontal plane may varybetween 75 to 105 degrees and therefore be substantially vertical. Whenthe candle 100 is turned ON or is placed in an illuminated state, theprojection screen is maintained in a substantially vertical position byhaving its weight balanced toward the back of the candle and resting ona support step.

In the illuminated state, the light source 150 (which may include one ormore light-generating elements, such as LEDs) may be ON. The illuminatedstate may begin as soon as there has been an instruction (e.g.,actuation of a user interface control) to place the candle 100 in theilluminated state, even though the light source 150 may not yet beenergized. The projection screen 120 may act as diffuser and/or asscreen to reflect and/or diffuse the light from the light sources 150.

The projection screen 120 may be positioned in a substantiallyhorizontal orientation when the candle 100 is turned OFF or otherwiseplaced in an extinguished state (for example, as depicted in FIG. 5B),whereby the light source 150 is OFF. Alternatively, the projectionscreen 120 can be positioned substantially below the upper surface 116.The candle 100 may not be illuminated (at least not above the uppersurface 116), when the projection screen 120 is moved (i.e., has beenmoved, is still moving, or will immediately be moved as a result of thecandle being turned OFF or being placed into an extinguished state) inthe substantially horizontal position in reference to a horizontal planeor substantially below the upper surface 116. Illumination may ceasebefore the projection screen 120 transitions from the substantiallyvertical to substantially horizontal orientation. When not illuminated,the angle of the projection screen 120 in reference to the horizontalplane may vary between 15 to −15 degrees (i.e., substantiallyhorizontal). In the extinguished state, the light source 150 projectingthrough the aperture 118 is OFF. Other light sources (e.g., userinterface or internal illumination sources) may remain ON. When thecandle 100 is turned OFF or is placed in an extinguished state, theprojection screen 120 is maintained in a substantially horizontalposition by having its weight resting on the upper surface 116 or otherstructure, such as projection screen substructure 126.

The projection screen 120 may be moved between the positions by aforce-inducing portion, such as electric motor 122. The electrical motor122 may be a DC coreless brush motor. Other possible force-inducingportions may include an electromagnet or a manually driven system thatmay include a push-button, lever, or other type of actuator mechanicallycoupled with the projection screen 120.

The projection screen 120 may be fixed by a barrel hinge or other kindsof suitable hinge to the upper surface 116 (or to ahinge-receiving/hinge-mounting portion that does not move with respectto the upper surface 116, such as projection screen substructure 126).Alternatively, the projection screen 120 could be coupled to a rail or alinear guided channel. The hinge may include a pivot to transfer arotational force at a lower position of the projection screen 120. Therotational force may be supplied by a force-inducing portion, such aselectric motor 122.

The pivoting portion of the hinge may be connected directly orindirectly to the force-inducing portion (e.g., electric motor 122). Ifthe pivot portion of the hinge is indirectly connected to theforce-inducing portion, the power transfer may be accomplished throughgear(s) or pulley(s) or any other component(s) that may transferrotational power from the force-inducing portion to the pivot portion ofthe hinge.

The projection screen 120 may extend the opposite side of the pivotportion of the hinge to balance the weight of the projection screen 120.A counterweight 124 may also be attached or coupled to the projectionscreen 120. Gravity contributed by the counterweight 124 and/orprojection screen 120 extension may then be used as a contributing forceto move the projection screen 120 between positions (e.g., substantiallyvertical and substantially horizontal).

The force-inducing portion may include an electrical motor 122,electromagnets or any other suitable source that may generate therotational power required to move the projection screen 120 from thesubstantially horizontal position to/from the substantially verticalposition or, alternatively, to/from a position substantially above orsubstantially below the upper surface 116.

The candle 100 may include various components in addition to the candlebody 110 and the projection screen 120, such as: a projection screensubstructure 126 attached (e.g., movably attached) or otherwise coupledto the projection screen 120; a moving portion 130; a supporting portion140 that supports the moving portion 130; a light source 150 (forexample, one or more LEDs); a module housing 160, including a lightsource securing portion; and an electromagnet and control circuitry 170.The aforementioned components may be included in a module. For example,the electromagnet and control circuitry 170 may be located within oroutside of the module housing 160. The assembled module may be insertedthrough the underside of the candle body 110 and seated into theaperture 118 of the upper surface 116. The candle 100 may also include abattery compartment 180, batteries (for example, two “C” batteries asdepicted), and a battery door. These components may be located, at leastpartially or substantially, within the hollow interior region of thecandle body 110.

The projection screen substructure 126 may be configured to be insertedinto the aperture 118 of the upper surface 116 (for example, insertedfrom underneath or from above the upper surface 116). For example, theprojection screen substructure 112 may have a stair-step profile with alower tier having a larger radius than an upper tier. The substructure126 may have a generally circular profile (for example, the tier(s) maybe generally circular) when viewed from above, or it may have othershapes such as ovate, square, rectangular, etc. The lower tier of thesubstructure 126 may act as a stop to prevent over-insertion of thesubstructure 126 into the aperture 118. The aperture 118 may have astair-step profile complementary to that of the substructure 126 tiers.This may facilitate accurate seating of the substructure 126 into theaperture 118. Once properly seated, the upper surface of the upper tiermay be flush with or slightly below the upper surface 116. Thesubstructure 126 may be secured to the candle body by friction fit, wax,mechanical means (for example, the substructure 126 having anchoringportions that anchor into a waxen material on the upper surface 116), orother epoxy.

The projection screen substructure 126 may have an aperture such thatlight projected from below can be projected onto the projection screen120. As shown, the projection screen 120 is offset and positioned off ofa primary axis along a vertical dimension at which the aperture 118 islocated. Specifically, the projection screen 120 extends from an uppersurface of a rim of the upper tier of the substructure 126. When thesubstructure is seated in the aperture 118, the light passing throughthe aperture of the substructure 126 also passes through the aperture118 of the upper surface 116. The substructure 126 may have one or moreengaging portions that engage with portions that generally are below thesubstructure 126. For example, the lower tier of the substructure 126may have two engaging portions (each having an aperture) that engageswith complementary portions on the module housing 160 (for example,spring tabs), such that the substructure 126 becomes a portion (forexample, top portion) of the module 160.

The supporting portion 140 may support the moving portion 130, such thatthe moving portion can move in three dimensions. The supporting portion140 may include a U-shape or V-shape region. The supporting portion 140may nest in, be seated in, or connect to the module housing 160. Asshown, the module housing 160 includes two slots that receive oppositeends of the supporting portion 140. The projection screen substructure126 may secure the supporting portion 140 in the module housing 160 byforming a top to the receiving slots. The supporting portion 140 may besubstantially rigid. It may include a tapered edge in all of or aportion of the top surface of the supporting portion 160. The taperededge may come to a relatively sharp point. The moving portion 130 mayrest on the top-surface tapered edge of the supporting portion 140. Byhaving a tapered edge, freer movement of the moving portion 130 may befacilitated. For example, the tapered edge may allow for less frictionand less interference with the moving portion 130. The tapered edge maypermit at least three degrees of freedom of the moving portion 130. Theregion of the moving portion 130 that rests on the supporting portion140 may also have a tapered edge (for example, tapered in the oppositedirection, such that a wider region is higher than the narrower regionthat contacts the supporting portion).

The moving portion 130 may include a lens 132 and an arm 134. The movingportion 130 may optionally include an intermediate region 136 (forexample, including an annular shaped region with an aperture asdepicted) between the lens 132 and the arm 134 (or the lens 132 and arm134 may be directly connected). The moving portion 130 may also includea magnet 138 seated, positioned, or located on the arm 134 (for example,a lower region of the arm 134). In this context, and as generally usedherein, the word “on” is broadly understood to mean attached to,positioned on/in, located on/in, or the like. The moving portion mayoptionally include a bumper 139.

The lens 132 may include a transparent material such as acrylic. Thelens 132 may have two or more surfaces (for example, a top surface andbottom surface as illustrated). The surfaces may include concaveregions, convex regions (as shown for both surfaces), flat regions, orhave an irregular surface (for example, a combination of concave,convex, and/or flat regions). When viewed from the top or bottom, thelens may have a substantially round shape, or other shapes are possible,such as ovate, square, or the like. The surfaces may touch each other,or may be separated by a lateral region (as depicted). When the movingportion 130 is in a resting position, the lens 132 may have a diagonalorientation (for example, 25 to 55 degrees with respect to a horizontalplane). According to one technique, the angle is approximately 40degrees. Even when the lens 132 is moved to a maximum or minimum amount,it may still have a diagonal orientation (for example, 12 to 68degrees). According to one technique, when the resting angle isapproximately 40 degrees, the minimal angle is approximately 27 degreesand the maximal angle is approximately 53 degrees.

The arm 134 may extend generally downwardly, and it may be sized andarranged to act as a counterbalance to the lens 132 to maintain the lens132 at a desired orientation when the moving portion 130 is in a restingposition. The arm 134 may have an enlarged or heavier region towards thebottom. The arm 134 may have an area that accepts the magnet 138. Forexample, the arm 134 may have a recess on a bottom surface that is sizedto receive the magnet 138. The magnet may be glued and/or press fit tothe arm 134. The magnet 138 may include a material such as nickel or anickel alloy.

The intermediate region 136 may abut the lens 132 and the arm 134. Theintermediate region 136 may define an angle between the lens 132 and thearm 134, such as between 45 and 75 degrees (although this orientationmay be achieved without the intermediate region 136). According to onetechnique, the intermediate region 136 may define an angle ofapproximately 60 degrees between the lens 132 and the arm 134. Theintermediate region 136 may include a region that contacts thesupporting portion 140. Such a region may include an aperture (forexample, generally annular in shape, as shown) that substantiallyencircles the supporting portion 140. Such an arrangement may preventthe moving portion 130 from being constrained in movement by thesupporting portion 140 (for example, prevents the moving portion fromfalling down or around or even coming out of the candle 100. There is norequirement, however, that the intermediate region 136 or the movingportion 130 have such an aperture. Other shapes for engaging thesupporting portion 140 may be possible, such as an arch, a notch havingan inverted V-shape (for example, a notch having a wider cut-out anglethan the angle of taper on the upper surface of the supporting portion140), or the like.

The bumper 139 may absorb impact of the moving portion if it comes incontact with other objects, such as the module housing 160. The bumper139 may include a compressible material, such as rubber or ethylenepropylene rubber. The bumper 139 may prevent a sound from being madewhen the moving portion 130 comes into contact with other objects. Thebumper 139 may be located in a lower region of the moving portion 130,for example, on an enlarged region as shown in the figures. The bumper139 may substantially or completely encompass such a region.

The light source 150 may include one or more light-emitting diodes(LEDs). The light source 150 may be selected to emit a color thatresembles a color of a conventional candle flame. The lens 132 may alsobe colored to enhance or adjust the color of the projected light fromthe light source 150. For example, the lens 132 may include a coloredregion and an uncolored region (or it may be entirely colored oruncolored). In the example of a colored region, such a region may beblue in color (e.g., painted, printed, a sticker, colored epoxy, or thelike). For example, areas on the rim of the lens 132 may be tinted orotherwise colored blue to cause the outer regions of the projected lightto be bluish in color. When projected on the projection screen 120, thismay enhance the illusion of a conventional candle flame.

The light source 150 may be arranged to generate a light having varyingintensity (for example, to cause a flickering effect). The perceivableintensity of the light source 150 may vary by no more than ±25% of theaverage power as measured in lumens. By perceivable intensity, it isunderstood that this is the intensity recognizable by the human eye. Theactual instantaneous power delivered to a light source 150 may be muchmore than 25%, such as for example by using pulse-width modulationtechniques in which the power to a light source 150 is switched ON andOFF very rapidly.

The light source 150 may have a lens separate from lens 132. Forexample, the light source 150 may include a type of a conventional LEDpackage that includes a lens where the light exits the package. Thelight source 150 may have an embedded circuit, such as one including amicroprocessor and associated circuitry (e.g., an oscillator) thatcauses the flickering effect (or other effects, such as fade in/out,color changing, or the like). The light source 150 (independent of thelens 132 in the moving portion 130) may be configured to generate a beamof light having an associated beam-width—for example, a beam-widthbetween 37 and 67 degrees. According to one technique, the beam-width isapproximately 52 degrees.

The light source 150 may be mounted in the module housing 160. It may besecured, for example, with a light source securing portion. The lightsource 150 may be mounted at an angle, such as 50 to 80 degrees asmeasured from the horizontal plane. According to one technique, thelight source is mounted at a 65 degree angle with respect to thehorizontal plane. Such an angle may be measured from the horizontalplane to a central axis of the emitted beam of light. Thus, the lightsource 150 may be positioned to project light upwardly and diagonally,such that the light travels from the light source 150, through the lens132, through the aperture 118 of the upper surface 116 of the candlebody 110, and onto an outer surface of the projection screen 120. Whenviewed straight down from the top of the candle 100, the light source150 and/or the lens 132 may not be visible through the aperture 118 (forexample, these component(s) may not be located directly below theaperture. The light source 150 may be statically mounted as shown (i.e.,the light source 150 does not move with respect to the candle body 110),or it may move (for example, vibrate or oscillate) by mechanical orelectromagnetic means. The light source 150 and/or its package may beseparated by a distance from the lens 132 (i.e., not abutting the lens132).

A light pipe (for example, fiber optic or Lucite) may be used to provideflexibility in the positioning of the light source 150. The light pipemay receive light emitted from the light source 150 and project thelight at an appropriate location. A prism may also be used to receivelight projected from the light source 150 to alter the angle at whichlight is projected onto the projection screen 120. For example, a prismmay bend light at a selected angle, such as 45 degrees.

The electromagnet 172 and control circuitry 170 may be positioned belowthe arm 134 of the moving portion 130, spaced by a distance. Theelectromagnet 172 may be driven by the control circuitry 170. Thecontrol circuitry 170 may also be electrically connected to the lightsource 150 and the user interface. The control circuitry 170 may beelectrically connected or control and receive inputs from all electricalcomponents in the candle 100. The control circuitry 170 may include amicroprocessor that executes instructions to drive the electromagnet 172and/or control the light source 150 in the specific manners describedherein (for example, cause the light source 150 to flicker). The controlcircuitry 170 may also include other analog or digital components tocontrol the operation of the candle 100, such as a state machine oroscillator to drive the electromagnet 172 and/or the light source 150.The control circuitry 170 may receive power from batteries.

The electromagnet 172 may include a wire coil. The coil may include wireor traces on a printed circuit board. The control circuitry 170 mayalternately energize the electromagnet 172 positively (for example, afirst polarity) and negatively (for example, a second polarity) suchthat it has alternating polarities over time. This may cause theelectromagnet 172 to successively push (repel) and pull (attract) themagnet 138 over time, thereby causing the moving portion to move backand forth. The electromagnet 172 may be energized more than 50% of thetime (either positively energized or negatively energized) when themoving portion 130 is in motion. The control circuitry 170 may includetwo or more modes (for example, the modes selectable through a userinterface actuator like a switch or push-button) for driving theelectromagnet 172. One mode may energize the electromagnet 172 to alesser degree (less aggressive) and another mode may energize theelectromagnet 172 to a greater degree (more aggressive). For example,the amount of current supplied to the electromagnet 172 by the controlcircuitry 170 may be smaller in the less aggressive mode and greater inthe more aggressive mode. The amount of current supplied to theelectromagnet 172 may vary gradually over time. For example, the amountof current supplied to the electromagnet 172 may be a sine wave overtime—alternating between negative and positive currents to generatepositive and negative magnetic polarities in the electromagnet 172.

A battery compartment 180 may house one or more batteries 182 (forexample, two “C” batteries). A battery compartment door may releasablyengage with the base 112 to secure and allow access to the batteriesthrough one or more apertures in the base 112. The battery compartment180 may be located below and may physically support the module orcomponents thereof.

A user interface may be accessible at or through the base 112. The userinterface may include one or more controls, such as switches, buttons,knobs, actuators, or other components. A user may interact with the userinterface to control the operation of the candle. The user interface maybe electrically connected to the control circuitry 170 and/or thebatteries. For example, an ON/OFF switch may disconnect power fromreaching the control circuitry 170, or the status of such a switch maybe sensed by the control circuitry 170 to cause it to shut down orrestart operations of the candle 100. The user interface may include atimer control which is sensed by the control circuitry 170 toperiodically shut down and restart (for example, 5 hours ON, and 19hours OFF, or the like).

The user interface may include a control that adjusts the brightness orthe flickering nature of the light source 150. The user interface mayinclude a control that causes the color of the light source 150 tochange—either to a new color statically, or by roaming through differentcolors (or ceasing roaming). The user interface may also include acontrol that adjusts, stops, or starts the movement of the movingportion 130 (for example, by adjusting the operation of theelectromagnet 172 whereby the strength or pattern of energization may bealtered). Generally, all of the features disclosed herein that relate tothe operation of the candle 100 may be selectively activated,deactivated, or adjusted by interaction with components or actuators inthe user interface. For example, if the candle 100 has a speaker andgenerates sound, the sound can be turned ON/OFF or the volume can beadjusted via user interface components(s). As another example, if thecandle 100 includes a fan, user interface component(s) can cause the fanto turn ON/OFF and/or change the speed or direction of the fan.

The user interface may also include a control that places the candle 100into an extinguished or illuminated state as described herein. The timercontrol may periodically place the candle 100 into an extinguished orilluminated state (for example, 5 hours illuminated, and 19 hoursextinguished, or the like).

In addition to a user interface, some or all of the functionalitydisclosed herein can be affected through one or more wireless controlmodalities—for example, infrared, Bluetooth, WiFi, etc. A suitableremote would be able to send and/or receive signals through antenna(s)to control operations of the candle 100.

The candle 100 may operate in the following manner. A user may turn thecandle 100 ON through a user interface positioned proximate the base112. The projection screen 120 may move into a position corresponding tothe illuminated state. The control circuitry 170 may provide power tothe electromagnet 172 and/or the light source 150. Alternately, lightsource 150 may receive power independently from the control circuitry170. The light source 150 may be selectively or intermittently energized(intermittently in a relatively quick manner, rather than normal ON/OFuser-initiated transitions of the light source 150) so as to provide aflickering effect as discussed above.

The energized light source 150 may emit a light beam having a centralaxis at an upward angle towards the projection screen 120. The angle maybe 50 to 80 degrees as measured from the horizontal plane. According toone technique, the angle is 65 degrees with respect to the horizontalplane. The light travels from the light source 150, through the aperture118 in the upper surface of the candle body 110, and onto the projectionscreen 120. The light beam may be refracted once or twice or even moretimes by the lens 132. As depicted, the light is refracted a first timewhen the light strikes the bottom surface of the lens 132 and a secondtime when the light strikes the top surface of the lens 132. The focallength of the altered light beam may vary as the moving portion 130moves (thereby causing the distance and/or positioning between the lightsource 150 and the lens 132 to vary). This is depicted in FIGS. 4A and4B. Both the position of the light beam on the projection screen 120 andthe focal length may be altered as the moving portion 130 moves.Specifically, when the moving portion 130 is in a first position, thelight beam will project onto a first region of the external surface ofthe projection screen 120. It will have a first focal length. When themoving portion 130 is in a second position, the light beam will projectonto a second region of the external surface of the projection screen120, and the beam may have a second focal length different from thefirst focal length. First and second focal points defining therespective first and second focal lengths may be located beyond theprojection screen 120. In other words, the projection screen 120 mayintersect the light beam(s) before the focal point(s). The first andsecond regions may overlap or may be completely different. The regionson the projection screen 120 may vary in a vertical and/or horizontaldimension. The size of the regions may vary.

The control circuitry 170 may drive the electromagnet 172 by turning itON and OFF and/or by reversing its polarity. According to one technique,polarity is successively reversed to push and pull the magnet 138 in themoving portion 130. The rate of pushing and pulling may be greater thanthe natural oscillation period of the moving portion 130. For example,the natural oscillation period of the moving portion 130 may beapproximately 500 ms while the rate of push or pull may be betweenapproximately 1-4 s. Thus, the ratio of push or pull time to the naturaloscillation period may be between 2:1 and 8:1. The superposition ofthese two frequencies may result in a modulating beat that induces asubstantially erratic movement to the lens 132. The duty cycle of thepush/pull may be approximately 50% or may be set so the push or pullcycle is longer than the other one. The electromagnet 172 may beenergized according to a predetermined or pseudorandom pattern and maybe driven according to execution of a software program accordingly (forexample, to cause pushing or pulling or to selectively energize anddeenergize the electromagnet 172).

The push/pull caused by the electromagnet 172 may be achieved by drivingthe electromagnet 172 with a wave, such as a sine wave, a square wave, asawtooth wave, or the like. It may be possible to have more complicateddriving waves, such as waves that are a combination of a plurality offrequency sine wave components. By generating and combining multiplesine waves, it may be possible to generate a more complex, naturaleffect with multiple “beats” due to the phase characteristics of themultiple sine waves.

In addition to moving the illuminated region about on the projectionscreen 120, the light source 150 may also flicker as discussed. Thedegree of flickering, however, may be limited such that flickering isapparent through the translucent candle body 110, but not on theprojected light on the projection screen 120. By limiting the apparentflickering power, this can be achieved. For example, by limiting thedifference between maximum-to-average and minimum-to-average flickeringby no more than approximately 25% as measured in lumens may achieve thiseffect. For the example of a relatively smaller candle (for example,1.75″ diameter), intensity may vary between approximately 0.9-1.5lumens. For the example of a relatively larger candle (for example, 4″diameter), intensity may vary between approximately 2.6-4.4 lumens.

There may be more than one light source 150 (for example, ones withdifferent colors, such as one that is blue and another that is yellow)and/or more than one moving lens 132 that operate in similar fashions.For example, there may be two light sources 150 and one lens 132. Lightprojected from one of these light sources 150 may be altered by the lens132 and the other one may project directly onto the projection screen120 without passing through a lens 132. As another example, both lightsources 150 would project light through one lens 132 or through tworespective lenses 132. According to yet another example, two or morelenses 132 may be arranged in series such that one beam of light passesthrough all of the lenses 132.

According to one technique, one light source 150 is positioned toproject light onto a rear exterior surface of the projection screen 120and another light source 150 is positioned to project light onto a frontexterior surface of the projection screen 120. The light sources 150 mayhave different colors. The rearward light source 150 may project a bluelight (either by virtue of being a blue LED, or by tinted lenses,coverings, etc.). The rearward light source 150 may project a non-movingbeam of light onto the projection screen 120. The forward light source150, by contrast, may project a light that is altered by a moving lens132 as discussed above.

In addition to or in lieu of the electromagnet 172 and magnet 138arrangement, the moving portion 130 may be driven by other mechanicalmeans, such as, for example, driven air (a fan), a vibrating transducer,a spring, and/or one or more electric motors. Like the magneticpush/pull arrangement of the electromagnet 172 and magnet 138, motor(s)may physically push/pull the moving portion 130. Or such a motorarrangement may only push or pull the moving portion 130 and rely on itsnatural oscillation to fall back and move about. One technique foraccomplishing motor-driven movement of the moving portion 130 is to havea motor shaft with a projection that contacts the moving portion 130.The shaft may rotate in one direction only, or may rotate both clockwiseand counterclockwise. The projection would consequently push the movingportion 130 in only one direction when the shaft rotates in only onedirection, or push the moving portion 130 in two directions when theshaft rotates both clockwise and counterclockwise.

According to another technique, several electromagnets (for example, atleast three electromagnets) may be used to control the moving portion130. The stator windings may generate a varying alternate magnetic field(for example, in response to being driven by a sine wave or a complexfrequency with multiple sine wave components) to influence the magnet tomake the arm move in multiple directions. Multiple outputs of amicroprocessor or other suitable circuitry, for example, may be used formultiple H-bridge drivers to induce a variable-frequency alternatingcurrent into each of the motors' stator winding. The amplitudes of themovement in multiple directions may vary asynchronously, resulting inthe induction of a variable beat (created by the combination of multiplefrequencies). Such a frequency may be a lower frequency than theself-oscillating frequency of the moving portion 130. The lens 132movements may be most of the time controlled by the servomotor driverand not by the self-oscillating period of the moving portion 130. Theform of the shaft's bearings may also vary to provide an erraticmovement.

According to other techniques, the candle 100 may play music and/or maybe scented. The candle 100 may have a night-light control that, whenactuated, causes the candle 100 to go into a low power mode, therebyemitting less light from the light source 150 than in the regular mode.

FIG. 12 illustrates a block diagram of an electrical system 1000 of aninventive flameless candle (e.g., candle 100), according to certaininventive techniques. The system 1000 may include a processor 1010, auser interface 1020, one or more sensors 1030, one or more light sources1040 (e.g., light source 150), an electromagnet 1050, and/or an electricmotor 1060. The electromagnet 1050 and/or electric motor 1060 maysuitably be replaced by other force-inducing components as describedherein. The system 1000 may be powered by one or more batteries in thecandle or by a power source located externally from the candle (e.g.,transformer).

The processor 1010 may include one or more processors, and may becapable of executing machine-readable instructions. Such instructionsand other data used in conjunction with processing by the processor 1010may be stored in one or more memories (not shown)—e.g., RAM, ROM, Flash,EEPROM, etc. The processor 1010 may receive inputs from the userinterface 1020 and/or the sensors 1030. The processor 1010 may controloperation of the light source 1040, the electromagnet 1050, and/or theelectric motor 1060.

The user interface 1020 (such as the one described above) may includecontrols, such as switches or other actuators, and the processor 1010may detect actuation of these controls. One such control may indicate tothe processor 1010 (through an input to the processor 1010) to put thecandle into an illuminated state. According to another technique, such acontrol may switch power ON/OFF to the processor 1010, thereby turningthe processor 1010 ON/OFF, accordingly. Further according to thistechnique, when the processor 1010 is first turned ON, it places thecandle into an illuminated state. When the processor 1010 is turned OFF,the candle goes into an extinguished state.

In addition to the user interface 1020, some or all of the functionalitydisclosed herein can be affected through one or more wireless controlmodalities—for example, infrared, Bluetooth, WiFi, etc. A suitableremote (dedicated remote, smart phone, etc.) may be able to send and/orreceive signals through antenna(s) to control operations of the candle.Messages received at the candle may be processed by processor 1010,which then causes the desired effect.

The processor 1010 may control the light source 1040 (one or morelight-generating elements, such as LEDs), the electromagnet 1050, and/orthe electric motor 1060. One or more of these components may becontrolled as discussed above in conjunction with candle 100.

The sensors 1030 (one or more sensors) may include various types. Forexample, a heat sensor may detect heat source near the candle andtrigger the transition to the illuminated state via the processor 1010.A sound sensor may detect specific sounds near the candle and triggerthe transition to an illuminated or extinguished state via processor1010.

According to one technique, one or more position sensor (e.g.,mechanical contact switch) may detect the position of the projectionscreen. The status of such position sensor(s) may be detected by theprocessor 1010, thereby causing the candle to transition to anilluminated or extinguished state according to the position sensor.According to this technique, the projection screen may be moved manuallyto different positions, and the position sensor(s) may detect one ormore of the different positions. After detection, the candle maytransition via the processor 1010 to the illuminated or extinguishedstate. Upon no detection, the candle may transition to a different oneof the illuminated or extinguished state. Optionally two positionsensors may be employed, one that detects the first projection screenposition (e.g., substantially vertical) and one that detects the secondflame screen position (e.g., substantially horizontal).

FIGS. 6-11 illustrate alternative embodiment of a flameless candle.According to FIG. 6, the projection screen may have two differentextinguished positions (e.g., two substantially horizontal positions).As depicted in FIG. 7 the projection screen may pivot substantially tothe horizontal position or within the hollow region of the candle (e.g.,through a slot as shown) along an axial dimension that is substantially90 degrees from that shown in FIG. 6. As illustrated in FIG. 8, theprojection screen may rotate (for example 180 or 360 degrees) so when itis in an extinguished state, the projection screen is in the interiorhollow region of the candle body. As depicted in FIG. 9 the projectionscreen may be flexible and folds to a substantially horizontal positionthen its base is generally flat. When in the ON position the base of theprojection screen may be curved, thereby bringing it into asubstantially vertical position. As shown in FIG. 10, the projectionscreen may be telescoping, such that it collapses when in anextinguished state and extends upwardly when in an illuminated state.

As illustrated in FIG. 11, the projection screen may be static but stillhave two different positions with respect to the upper surface of thecandle. This is by virtue of the candle body and the upper surface beingmoveable (e.g., upwardly and downwardly) with respect to the staticprojection screen. According to this embodiment, the projection screenmay be substantially inside the candle body when the candle body is inan elevated position. Correspondingly, the projection screen may extendupwardly from the upper surface of the candle body when the candle bodyis in a downward position (i.e., the candle body is moved downwardlyfrom the elevated position).

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changesmay be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing fromthe scope of the novel techniques disclosed in this application. Inaddition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situationor material to the teachings of the novel techniques without departingfrom its scope. Therefore, it is intended that the novel techniques notbe limited to the particular techniques disclosed, but that they willinclude all techniques falling within the scope of the appended claims.

1. A flameless candle comprising: a candle body forming an interiorregion, wherein the candle body includes an upper surface and anaperture in the upper surface; at least one light source positioned inthe interior region of the candle body; an electric motor operable toalternatively induce a first mechanical force and a second mechanicalforce; a projection screen comprising a flame shape maintained in asubstantially vertical orientation, wherein the projection screen isoperable to: receive the first mechanical force and responsively move toa first position such that the flame shape of the projection screen isabove the upper surface of the candle body; and receive the secondmechanical force and responsively move to a second position such thatthe flame shape of the projection screen is below the upper surface ofthe candle body; and control circuitry operable to control the electricmotor and the at least one light source, such that: when the projectionscreen is moved to the first position, the at least one light source isautomatically energized whereby a light is emitted through the apertureof the upper surface onto the projection screen; and when the projectionscreen is moved to the second position, the at least one light source isautomatically de-energized whereby the light is not emitted.
 2. Theflameless candle of claim 1, further comprising an imitation wick thatextends upwardly from the upper surface of the candle body when the atleast one light source is de-energized.
 3. The flameless candle of claim1, further comprising an ON/OFF actuator that, when actuated, causes theprojection screen to transition between the first position and thesecond position.
 4. The flameless candle of claim 3, wherein the controlcircuitry is further operable to cause the at least one light source tobe energized after the ON/OFF actuator has been actuated to turn theflameless candle ON and before the projection screen is in the firstposition.
 5. The flameless candle of claim 3, wherein the controlcircuitry is further operable to cause the at least one light source tobe de-energized after the ON/OFF actuator has been actuated to turn theflameless candle OFF and before the projection screen is in the secondposition.
 6. The flameless candle of claim 3, wherein the controlcircuitry is further operable to: cause the at least one light source tobe energized after the ON/OFF actuator has been actuated to turn theflameless candle ON and before the projection screen is in the firstposition; and cause the at least one light source to be de-energizedafter the ON/OFF actuator has been actuated to turn the flameless candleOFF and before the projection screen is in the second position.
 7. Theflameless candle of claim 1, further comprising a timer operable toperiodically cause the projection screen to transition between the firstposition and the second position.
 8. The flameless candle of claim 7,wherein the timer comprises a 24-hour timer.
 9. The flameless candle ofclaim 8, wherein the 24-hour timer causes the projection screen to beperiodically placed in the first position for 5 hours and periodicallyplaced in the second position for 19 hours.
 10. The flameless candle ofclaim 1, wherein the projection screen extends through the aperture inthe upper surface when the projection screen is in the first position.11. The flameless candle of claim 1, wherein the projection screen iscoupled to at least one of a rail or a linear guided channel.
 12. Theflameless candle of claim 1, further comprising at least one antennaoperable to receive a wireless signal from a remote device, wherein thewireless signal controls operations of the flameless candle.
 13. Aflameless candle comprising: a candle body forming an interior region,wherein the candle body includes an upper surface and an aperture in theupper surface; at least one light source positioned in the interiorregion of the candle body; an electric motor operable to alternativelyinduce a first mechanical force and a second mechanical force; aprojection screen comprising a flame shape maintained in a substantiallyvertical orientation, wherein the projection screen is operable to:receive the first mechanical force and responsively move to a firstposition such that the flame shape of the projection screen is above theupper surface of the candle body; and receive the second mechanicalforce and responsively move to a second position such that the flameshape of the projection screen is below the upper surface of the candlebody; control circuitry operable to control the electric motor and theat least one light source, such that: when the projection screen ismoved to the first position, the at least one light source isautomatically energized whereby a light is emitted through the apertureof the upper surface onto the projection screen; and when the projectionscreen is moved to the second position, the at least one light source isautomatically de-energized whereby the light is not emitted; and a soundsensor operable to detect a sound and trigger the flameless candle totransition to an extinguished state whereby the at least one lightsource is de-energized and the projection screen is in the secondposition.
 14. The flameless candle of claim 13, further comprising animitation wick that extends upwardly from the upper surface of thecandle body when the at least one light source is de-energized.
 15. Theflameless candle of claim 13, further comprising an ON/OFF actuatorthat, when actuated, causes the projection screen to transition betweenthe first position and the second position.
 16. The flameless candle ofclaim 15, wherein the control circuitry is further operable to cause theat least one light source to be energized after the ON/OFF actuator hasbeen actuated to turn the flameless candle ON and before the projectionscreen is in the first position.
 17. The flameless candle of claim 15,wherein the control circuitry is further operable to cause the at leastone light source to be de-energized after the ON/OFF actuator has beenactuated to turn the flameless candle OFF and before the projectionscreen is in the second position.
 18. The flameless candle of claim 15,wherein the control circuitry is further operable to: cause the at leastone light source to be energized after the ON/OFF actuator has beenactuated to turn the flameless candle ON and before the projectionscreen is in the first position; and cause the at least one light sourceto be de-energized after the ON/OFF actuator has been actuated to turnthe flameless candle OFF and before the projection screen is in thesecond position.
 19. The flameless candle of claim 13, furthercomprising a timer operable to periodically cause the projection screento transition between the first position and the second position. 20.The flameless candle of claim 13, wherein the projection screen extendsthrough the aperture in the upper surface when the projection screen isin the first position.